Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy

The papers presented in this volume are published to show increasing dependence on information technology, the prevention of cyberattacks on a nation's important computer and communications systems and networks is a problem that looms large. Given the demonstrated limitations of passive cybersecurity defense measures, it is natural to consider the possibility that deterrence might play a useful role in preventing cyberattacks and its vital interests.

Contents
Group 1—Attribution and Economics
Introducing the Economics of Cybersecurity: Principles and Policy Options - Tyler Moore
Untangling Attribution - David D. Clark and Susan Landau
A Survey of Challenges in Attribution - W. Earl Boebert
Group 2—Strategy, Policy, and Doctrine
Applicability of Traditional Deterrence Concepts and Theory to the Cyber Realm - Patrick M. Morgan
Categorizing and Understanding Offensive Cyber Capabilities and Their Use - Gregory Rattray and Jason Healey
A Framework for Thinking About Cyber Conflict and Cyber Deterrence with Possible Declaratory Policies for These Domains - Stephen J. Lukasik
Pulling Punches in Cyberspace - Martin Libicki
Group 3—Law and Regulation
Cyber Operations in International Law: The Use of Force, Collective Security, Self-Defense, and Armed Conflicts - Michael N. Schmitt
Cyber Security and International Agreements - Abraham D. Sofaer, David Clark, and Whitfield Diffie
The Council of Europe Convention on Cybercrime - Michael A. Vatis
Group 4—Psychology
Decision Making Under Uncertainty - Rose McDermott
Group 5—Organization of Government
The Organization of the United States Government and Private Sector for Achieving Cyber Deterrence - Paul Rosenzweig
Group 6—Privacy And Civil Liberties
Civil Liberties and Privacy Implications of Policies to Prevent Cyberattacks - Robert Gellman
Group 7—Contributed Papers
Targeting Third-Party Collaboration1 - Geoff A. Cohen
Thinking Through Active Defense in Cyberspace2 - Jay P. Kesan and Carol M. Hayes
Appendixes
A Reprinted Letter Report from the Committee on Deterring Cyberattacks
B Workshop Agenda
C Biosketches of Authors
D Biosketches of Committee and Staff